1. komponenta

Lecture type	Total
Lectures	15
Practicum	30

* Load is given in academic hour (1 academic hour = 45 minutes)

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The aim of the course Protista and fungi is to learn the principles of taxonomic classification, structure and morphology, reproduction and developmental cycles of macroscopic and microscopic autotrophic protists (algae), heterotrophic protists (protozoa) and fungi, as well as acquire knowledge about the diversity, distribution and importance of these organisms in different ecosystems and everyday human life. The goal of the course is to acquaint students with the adaptations of typical representatives of selected taxa of protists and fungi to various habitat conditions, as well as the diversity and distribution of these organisms in Croatia.

COURSE CONTENT:
LECTURES
1) INTRODUCTORY LECTURE and GENERAL CONCEPTS (1 hour). General information about the course. Review of study literature and internet sources. Rules of work in the practicum and necessary accessories. Field lectures. Obligations and continuous evaluation of knowledge. The importance of phototrophic protists in the past and today. Use of phototrophic protists in everyday life. Stromatolites and the occurrence of aerobic conditions. Spatial representation of water ecosystems on Earth, vertical zonation of standing (lentic) and running (lotic) waters. Theory of endosymbiosis and development of ancient Monera into heterotrophic and autotrophic cells. The spectrum of basic pigments. History of classification systems, developmental tree and taxonomic distribution of the living world. Nomenclature and hierarchical systems. Types of reproduction, motility, forms of alternation of generations, haplontic and diplontic life cycles;
2) PROKARYOTA: CYANOBACTERIA AND PROCHLOROBACTERIA (1 hour) structure and function of prokaryotic cell, forms of thalli, types of reproduction, distribution, role in the living world, ecological significance and application of blue-green algae;
3) EUKARYOTA: Archaeplastida: Glaucophyta, Rhodophyceae, Chloroplastida (3 hours), structure and function of eukaryotic cell, forms of thalli, types of reproduction, distribution, role in the living world, ecological significance and application;
4) EUKARYOTA: Chromalveolata: Cryptophyceae, Haptophyta, Stramenopiles (3 hours) forms of thalli, types of reproduction, distribution, role in the living world, ecological significance and application;
5) EUKARYOTA: Excavata: Alveolata, Euglenozoa (2 hours) forms of thalli, types of reproduction, distribution, role in the living world, ecological significance and application;
6) EUKARYOTA: PROTOZOANS: Flagellated and amoeboid protozoans, ciliates and sporozoans; structures and functions and adaptations on the cellular level, distribution, life cycles, importance in ecosystems and for humans. (3 hours);
7) EUKARYOTA: FUNGI: Introduction to mycology and its association with microbiology. Reproductive cycles of fungi and systematics of the kingdom Fungi. Evolution of fungi. Ecological interactions of fungi and their importance for humans. Fungal-like organisms (2 hours).

Lectures are accompanied by practical teaching (practical exercises and field lectures) where students learn and acquire new and expand knowledge gained in lectures through independent work.

EXERCISES
1) Cyanobacteria (Blue-green algae);
2) Archaeplastida, Chloroplastida;
3) Chlorophyta (Green algae);
4) Charophyta (Stoneworts);
5) Rhodophyta (Red algae);
6) Chrysophyta (Golden-brown algae);
7) Bacillariophyta (Diatoms);
8) Dinoflagellata (Dinoflagellates);
9) Euglenophyta (Euglenophytes);
10) Phaeophyta (Brown algae);
11) Flagellated protozoa;
12) Amoebid protozoa;
13) Ciliates and sporozoans;
14) Morphology of fungi: hyphae, cell wall, mycelium. Reproduction - sporangia and spores;
15) Cultivation methods for fungi;

The exercises that will be held within the course will be based on lectures and mandatory literature.

1. Algae (4th Ed.), L. Graham, J. Graham, L. W. Wilcox, M. E. Cook, Algae (4th Ed., LJLM Press, LLC.A., 2022.), L. Graham, J. Graham, L. W. Wilcox, M. E. Cook, LJLM Press, LLC.A., 2022.
2. Introduction to Fungi (3rd Ed.), J. Webster, R. Weber, Introduction to Fungi (3rd Ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge i New York, 2007.), J. Webster, R. Weber, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge i New York, 2007.
3. Fungal Biology (4th Ed.), J. Deacon, Fungal Biology (4th Ed., Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2006.), J. Deacon, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2006.
4. Protista-Protozoa i Metazoa-Invertebrata. Strukture i funkcije, I. Habdija, B. Primc Habdija, I. Radanović, M. Špoljar, R. Matoničkin Kepčija, S. Vujčić Karlo, M. Miliša, A. Ostojić, M. Sertić Perić, Protista-Protozoa i Metazoa-Invertebrata. Strukture i funkcije (Alfa, Zagreb, 2021.), I. Habdija, B. Primc Habdija, I. Radanović, M. Špoljar, R. Matoničkin Kepčija, S. Vujčić Karlo, M. Miliša, A. Ostojić, M. Sertić Perić, Alfa, Zagreb, 2021.
5. Mikologija - interna skripta, kolekcija revijalnih radova dostupnih na stanicama kolegija., Mikologija - interna skripta, kolekcija revijalnih radova dostupnih na stanicama kolegija., M. Ježić.

Izborni kolegiji BIOLOGIJA - Regular study - Biology and Chemistry Education

Izborni kolegiji BIOLOGIJA - Regular study - Biology and Chemistry Education