Doktorski seminar - Lucija Tomašić

O B A V I J E S T

LUCIJA TOMAŠIĆ

održat će znanstveni kolokvij (doktorski seminar) iz Biofzike pod naslovom

Theoretical approach based on the macro-karyotype concept applied to karyotype aberrations in tumor evolution

Aneuploidy, an abnormal number of chromosomes, is a defining feature of most cancers. These large-scale genomic alterations generate immense diversity between cancers, making it difficult to identify universal evolutionary principles. While specific chromosome changes and mutations are often linked to individual cancer types, the general trends shaping karyotype evolution have remained unclear. To address this, we analyzed over 90,000 patient-derived cancer karyotypes using a new visualization method combined with mathematical modeling. Strikingly, we found that aneuploid genomes across cancer types, and even in yeast, overwhelmingly organize into “binary karyotypes,” configurations composed of only two chromosome copy numbers. Despite the enormous combinatorial space of possible genome states, binary karyotypes dominate patient data, comprising more than three-quarters of observed karyotypes. Our model explains this universality by showing that binary karyotypes have a modest but consistent fitness advantage over other configurations. Surprisingly, we also find that they are associated with a threefold lower mutation rate of the tumor suppressor gene TP53 compared to other aneuploid karyotypes. In conclusion, our results reveal binary karyotypes as a distinct category of aneuploid karyotypes that are tolerated by p53 and universally selected for independent of encoded genes or any other chromosome-specific feature, shifting the current paradigm of aneuploid cell classification.

Seminar će se održati u četvrtak 18. rujna 2025. godine u 14:00 sati u predavaonici F-201 Fizičkog odsjeka Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu.

Pozivaju se studenti doktorskog studija Fizike, smjer Biofizika, da prisustvuju seminaru, ako nisu spriječeni.

Voditelj smjera:

Izv. prof. dr. sc. Matko Glunčić, v. r.